History of Titanium Industry Development
Release time：2019-03-10
In 1791, British pastor W. Gregor discovered a new metallic element in black magnetite. In 1795, German chemist M.H. Klaproth also discovered this element while studying rutile and named it after the Greek god Titans. In 1910, American scientist M.A. Hunter first reduced TiCI with sodium to produce pure titanium. In 1940, Luxembourg scientist W.J. Kroll reduced TiCl with magnesium to produce pure titanium. From then on, the magnesium reduction method (also known as the Crowe method) and the sodium reduction method (also known as the Hunter method) became industrial methods for producing sponge titanium. In 1948, the United States produced 2T sponge titanium using magnesium reduction method, which has since reached industrial production scale. Subsequently, the United Kingdom, Japan, the former Soviet Union, and China also entered industrial production, with the main titanium producing countries being the former Soviet Union, Japan, and the United States.
Titanium is a new metal that, due to its excellent properties, is widely used in industrial production such as aviation, aerospace, chemical, petroleum, metallurgy, light industry, power, seawater desalination, ships, and daily household appliances. It is known as a modern metal. The production of titanium metal has only a history of half a century since 1948, and it is an emerging industry that has developed alongside the aviation and aerospace industries. Its development has experienced several ups and downs, due to the connection between titanium and the aircraft manufacturing industry. But overall, the development speed of titanium is very fast, surpassing the development speed of any other non-ferrous metal. This can be seen from the development of the global sponge titanium industry: the production scale of sponge titanium was 60kt/a in the 1960s, 1Okt/a in the 1970s, 130kt/a in the 1980s, and had reached 140kt/a by 1992. The actual production reached a historical high of 105 kt/a in 1990.
After entering the 1990s, due to a decrease in military titanium production and some countries such as Russia selling off their inventory of sponge titanium, the market was weak in the previous years. In 1995, the titanium market began to rebound, mainly due to a significant increase in the quantity of civilian titanium such as B777 and golf clubs. In 1996, the demand for titanium reached a new high. Experts predict that the demand for titanium will continue to increase significantly in the coming years. The main reason currently hindering the application of titanium is its high price. It can be expected that with the progress of science and technology, the continuous improvement of titanium production processes, the expansion of enterprise production capacity and the improvement of management level, and the further reduction of the cost of titanium products, a wider titanium market will inevitably be opened up.
keyword： History of Titanium Industry Development
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